Trump's 50% tariffs on India over Russian oil purchases take effect
[August 28, 2025] By
RAJESH ROY
NEW DELHI (AP) — Steep U.S. tariffs on a range of Indian products took
effect Wednesday, threatening a serious blow to India’s overseas trade
in its largest export market.
President Donald Trump had initially announced a 25% tariff on Indian
goods. But earlier this month he signed an executive order imposing an
additional 25% tariff due to India’s purchases of Russian oil, bringing
the combined tariffs imposed by the U.S. on its ally to 50%.
The Indian government estimates the tariffs will impact $48.2 billion
worth of exports. Officials have warned the new duties could make
shipments to the U.S. commercially unviable, triggering job losses and
slower economic growth.
India–U.S. trade relations have expanded in recent years but remain
vulnerable to disputes over market access and domestic political
pressures. India is one of the fastest-growing major global economies
and it may face a slowdown as a result.
Sectors to be impacted by US tariffs
Estimates by New Delhi-based think tank Global Trade Research Initiative
suggest labor-intensive sectors such as textiles, gems and jewelry,
leather goods, food and automobiles will be hit hardest.
“The new tariff regime is a strategic shock that threatens to wipe out
India’s long-established presence in the U.S., causing unemployment in
export-driven hubs and weakening its role in the industrial value
chain,” said Ajay Srivastava, the think tank's founder and a former
Indian trade official.
The U.S. has for now exempted some sectors such as pharmaceuticals and
electronic goods from additional tariffs, bringing some relief for India
as its exposure in these sectors is significant.
Exporters fear losses
Puran Dawar, a leather footwear exporter in northern India’s Agra city,
says the industry would take a substantial hit in the near term unless
domestic demand strengthens and other overseas markets buy more Indian
goods.
“This is an absolute shock,” said Dawar, whose business with the U.S.
has grown in recent years. Dawar’s clients include the major fashion
retailer Zara.
Dawar, who is also the regional chairman of the Council for Leather
Exports — an export promotion body — said the U.S. should understand
that the steep tariffs will hurt its own consumers.
Groups representing exporters warn that new import tariffs could hurt
India’s small and medium enterprises that are heavily reliant on the
American market.
“It’s a tricky situation. Some product lines will simply become unviable
overnight,” said Ajay Sahai, director general of the Federation of
Indian Export Organizations.
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Puran Dawar, Chairman, Dawar group, ań exporter of leather footwear
talks to The Associated Press, in Agra, India, Monday, Aug. 25,
2025. (AP Photo/Manish Swarup)
 Modi vows not to yield to US
pressure
The tariffs come as the U.S. administration continues to push for
greater access to India’s agriculture and dairy sectors.
India and the U.S. have held five rounds of negotiations for a
bilateral trade agreement, but have yet to reach a deal. That's
largely because New Delhi has resisted opening these sectors to
cheaper American imports, citing concerns that doing so would
endanger the jobs of millions of Indians.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has vowed not to yield to the pressure.
“For me, the interests of farmers, small businesses and dairy are
topmost. My government will ensure they aren’t impacted,” Modi said
at a rally this week in his home state of Gujarat.
Modi said the world was witnessing a “politics of economic
selfishness."
A U.S. delegation canceled plans to visit New Delhi this week for a
sixth round of trade talks.
India plans local reforms to cushion the blow from tariffs
The Indian government has begun working on reforms to boost local
consumption and insulate the economy.
It has moved to change the goods and services tax, or consumption
tax, to lower costs for insurance, cars and appliances ahead of the
major Hindu festival of Diwali in October.
The government council will meet early next month to decide whether
to cut taxes.
The Trade Ministry and Finance Ministry are discussing financial
incentives that would include favorable bank loan rates for
exporters.
The Trade Ministry is also weighing steps to expand exports to other
regions, particularly Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia.
Trade negotiations underway with the European Union could gain
renewed urgency as India works to reduce its dependence on the U.S.
market.
___
Associated Press video journalist Rishi Lekhi contributed to this
report.
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