Trump's executive order on dyed diesel will offer little relief, farmers
and truckers say
[October 08, 2026] By
SARAH RAZA and MAE ANDERSON
SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (AP) — Farmers, truckers and economists say a move to
cut taxes on diesel will provide little relief from record-high fuel
prices that have soared since the U.S. attacked Iran months ago.
Industry groups said they appreciate President Donald Trump’s executive
order expanding the use of a diesel now reserved for off-road work, but
farmers already have access to the fuel and many have already wrapped up
harvest. Truckers will struggle to navigate differing state rules.
“In the context of diesel prices that are over two dollars more than
they were last year, it just doesn’t come close to closing that wound,”
said Matt Perdue, president of the North Dakota Farmers Union.
With less than a month to go before the November election, diesel prices
continue to hit record highs as some farmers transport their crops for
processing and others rush to complete their fall harvest. Many have
been feeling the squeeze as costs for inputs like diesel, fertilizer and
seed have soared thanks to refinery constraints and supply disruptions
amid the Iran war.
Diesel averaged $6.30 per gallon across the country on Wednesday, more
than 70% higher than one year ago, according to motor club AAA. The
executive order defers the $0.24 federal tax per gallon of regular
diesel, used for road projects, until the end of the year. Most states
also levy their own tax on diesel.
“Dyed” diesel is the same as regular diesel, except for its red dye to
help law enforcement enforce penalties for on-road use. It's already
allowed for off-road purposes like farming equipment, such as tractors
and combines, as well as construction and heating uses.
Who will see benefits
Savings can compound if states take similar actions; many have eased
restrictions or waived taxes on dyed diesel, including South Dakota and
Iowa. Perdue said North Dakota has waived the tax on regular diesel. But
where the state decision is focused on farmers, he believes the federal
decision would largely benefit those on other levels of the supply
chain.
Farmers who will see the most benefit are those who haul their own
product, like livestock or fresh produce, on public roads. Those who
have already wrapped up harvesting won't see savings.
“Most of our diesel use is behind us,” said Perdue, who grows spring
wheat, durum and canola on his family farm.
Both trucking companies and independent truckers may not see much relief
either. The effect is likely to be negligible for big trucking companies
because the order is on a federal level and states make their own rules,
Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis at GasBuddy, wrote in a
social media post.
“The largest diesel users are the least likely to use dyed diesel,” he
wrote. “A national carrier crossing five or six states in a day faces
enormous risk with a patchwork of rules, legal in one state, and subject
to fines in the next.”
Many states exempt road diesel from sales tax but apply sales tax to
dyed diesel instead, he said.
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A diesel fuel tank is seen on a corn and soybean farm, Aug. 26,
2026, in Northfield, Minn. (AP Photo/Ellen Schmidt, File)
 Easing limits on red-dyed diesel
will likely have a minimal effect for small truckers, who pay for
fuel up front, said Todd Spencer, president and CEO of trade group
the Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association. He estimates
every $1 increase per gallon in fuel costs independent truckers
about $400 more per week.
Increased demand for dyed diesel
The savings will be small, but it could still increase competition
for dyed diesel, said David Ortega, food economics and policy
professor at Michigan State University.
“I think there's a real chance this could backfire and make the
situation worse for farmers," he said. “Basically anybody that’s
running a truck on the highway on regular diesel can now be using
this off-highway diesel. Even someone that owns a diesel pickup
truck potentially has access to this other type of diesel.”
Perdue in North Dakota said he expects a “rush for dyed diesel, and
we’ll see how the supply responds.”
But not all dyed diesel pump stations are set up for larger trucks
like semis, said Paul Mitchell, a professor of agricultural and
applied economics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
“It’s going to come down to infrastructure ability to get your
vehicles to a place that you can use and fill them up with,” he
said.
Supply shortages persist
Henry Hanscom, American Trucking Associations chief advocacy and
public affairs officer, pointed out that the executive order directs
temporary penalty relief and potential tax deferral for using
red-dyed diesel, not outright tax forgiveness. He said the ATA would
review the Internal Revenue Service’s implementing guidance of the
policy when it is available.
Last month, Trump had threatened a diesel export ban, though he
later said it is off the table. On Friday, G7 countries agreed to
release 100 million barrels of oil and fuel products.
“One of the problems we have right now in the world is there’s not
enough diesel fuel,” said Gregg Ibendahl, farm management specialist
at Kansas State University.
But underlying causes like geopolitical issues won't be solved
overnight.
“The problem we’ve accumulated right now with the Strait of Hormuz
and the Russia-Ukraine war, those are going to be longer term things
to get fixed,” he said. “Getting that world supply back up again is
going to be, I think, at least a year, even in the best cases.”
___
Anderson reported from New York.
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