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Launched by SpaceX, Northrop Grumman’s mission robotic vehicle —
dubbed MRV — and its jetpacks will spend the next year angling
into the proper orbit 22,300 miles (36,000 kilometers) above
Earth. Hundreds of satellites orbit at this so-called
geosynchronous orbit, where they match the speed of Earth's
rotation and keep to the same part of the sky for continuous
coverage.
Once in place by mid-2027, the minivan-sized spacecraft will use
its 10-foot (9-meter) arms to attach a jetpack to an aging
communication satellite. Then it will zip off to two more
satellites in need.
For its debut flight, the spacecraft was accompanied by three
electric-propelled jetpacks that peeled away separately
following liftoff. Like the MRV, the jetpacks will use their own
xenon gas thrusters to get to the desired orbit. Once in place,
the jetpacks will wait for the robot to grab them, one at a
time, and plug them into their designated satellites.
Each jetpack — the size of a washing machine — will provide the
necessary oomph for an out-of-gas satellite to keep operating
for several more years instead of retiring. If it works, it will
be a boon for satellite operators SES of Luxembourg and Optus of
Australia, saving them millions of dollars in replacement costs.
This is Northrop Grumman's latest foray into the
satellite-servicing business. In 2019 and again in 2020, the
company launched a pair of spacecraft that latched onto
faltering communication satellites and steered them, providing
extra years of life.
Northrop Grumman designed its new robotic helpers to be even
more resourceful. The company envisions future versions
repairing and relocating live satellites, and even latching onto
dead ones for removal from highly trafficked orbits. The company
is collaborating with the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory and the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
Katalyst Space Technologies, meanwhile, continues to test its
Link satellite helper in orbit before rushing to the Swift
Observatory's rescue. Flight controllers had to overcome initial
communication and pointing problems with Link, beaming up
software patches.
Launched in 2004, NASA's Swift telescope has been sinking faster
than usual because of all the recent solar activity. A boost by
Link in the coming weeks could give the nearly $400 million
gamma ray observatory many more years of studying some of the
biggest explosions in the universe.
NASA is paying Kataylst $30 million to raise Swift to its
original 373-mile (600-kilometer) altitude. Northrop Grumman
provided Link's ride to orbit, using a plane-launched Pegasus
rocket.
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